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w.gawronski@medicinasportiva.pl
e-ISSN 1734-2260 from 2005
ISSN 1429-0022 from 1997 till 2004
Indexed in: SportDiscus; EMBASE/Excerpta Medica; Index Copernicus
Medicina Sportiva 2005 vol. 9 Issue 2
Copyright ® 2005 Medicina Sportiva
Adaptation of the signal transduction system of different skeleta muscles during exercise
Michael Kalinski, John P. Kirwan
Physiological basis of renin-angiotensinaldosterone system (RAAS) functions in sports exercises
Krzysztof Chrostowski
Selected dental concerns in sports medicine
Jegier Michal, Smalc Aneta, Jegier Anna
Erythrocyte SOD activity, copper and zinc daily intakes, their plasma levels, erythrocyte content and plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activity in females with low copper intake
Grażyna Lutosławska, Marlena Żołnowska, Marzena Malara1, Anna Kęska, Elżbieta Skierska
Functional characteristics of elite basketball players and bodybuilders
N. Jascaniniene, A. Andziulis, N. Zaranskaite Pereira da Silva, J. Jaszczanin
ADAPTATION OF THE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION SYSTEM OF DIFFERENT SKELETAL MUSCLES DURING EXERCISE
Michael Kalinski, John P. Kirwan
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to present a brief overview of the effects of acute and chronic exercise on the ß-adrenergic-G-protein-adenylyl cyclase-cAMP-protein kinase signal transduction system in different skeletal muscles. Special attention is given to such components as ß-adrenergic receptors characteristics, cAMP content, adenylyl cyclase, and cAMP- dependent protein kinase activity in different fibers of the skeletal muscle in relation to duration and intensity of exercise and to the adaptation of the system to chronic exercise.
Key words: G-proteins, cAMP, adenylyl cyclase, cAMP - dependent protein kinase, skeletal muscle, exercise
Read article »
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF RENIN-ANGIOTENSINALDOSTERONE SYSTEM (RAAS) FUNCTIONS IN SPORTS EXERCISES
Krzysztof Chrostowski
Abstract
In the brief review the main elements of classic renin angiotensin aldosterone system with the new discovered components as well as essential functions of angiotensin II and aldosterone in physiological and pathological adaptation of cardiovascular system were described. The function of systemic and local RAAS was presented. An association between polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ACE D/I gene, and physical performance of sportsmen were discussed.
Key words: RAAS, aldosterone, angiotensin II, bradykinin, polymorphism of ACE gene, ACE2
Read article »
SELECTED DENTAL CONCERNS IN SPORTS MEDICINE
Jegier Michal, Smalc Aneta, Jegier Anna
Abstract
The following paper addresses selected dental problems in sports medicine including caries, orofacial trauma, and the influence of external factors on the stomatognathic system. A familiarity with these conditions will no doubt benefit health care professionals, coaches and athletes
Key words: dentistry, sport, orofacial injuries, dental injuries, prevention
Read article »
ERYTHROCYTE SOD ACTIVITY, COPPER AND ZINC DAILY INTAKES, THEIR PLASMA LEVELS, ERYTHROCYTE CONTENT AND PLASMA CERULOPLASMIN OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN FEMALES WITH LOW COPPER INTAKE
Grażyna Lutosławska, Marlena Żołnowska, Marzena Malara1, Anna Kęska, Elżbieta Skierska
Abstract
Introduction: Zinc and copper cooperate in the regulation of superoxide dismutase activity (SOD – EC 1.15.1.1) with copper at the active site and zinc maintaining a secondary enzyme function. Copper deficiency brings about depression of erythrocyte SOD activity. Numerous data indicated that females are at greater risk of copper deficiency than males.
Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate erythrocyte SOD activity, dietary copper and zinc intakes, their plasma levels and erythrocyte content and plasma ceruloplasmin activity in females with low dietary copper intake.
Methods: A total of 37 females volunteered to participate in the study. Dietary copper and zinc intakes were assessed from 24 h dietary records taken 4 times before blood withdrawal. Plasma and erythrocyte copper and zinc were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Erythrocyte SOD and plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activities were assayed colorimetrically at 480 nm and 460 nm, respectively.
Results: In 70.3% of the women daily copper intakes were lower than 2/3 of the safe intake level. In 16.2% of the participants plasma copper concentrations were lower than the accepted physiological limit. The incidents of low plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activity were observed in 56.6 % of the participants. It was found that the best model predicting erythrocyte SOD activity included zinc/copper ratio in the diet and plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activity (model adjusted R2=0.313, F= 9.2, p<0.0006).
Conclusions: Our study indicated that in females with low dietary copper intakes there was no association between erythrocyte SOD activity and plasma copper and zinc concentrations and the content of both trace metals in the erythrocytes. The best predictors of SOD activity were zinc to copper ratio in the diet and plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activity.
Key words: females, superoxide dismutase, zinc/copper ratio, ceruloplasmin oxidase activity
Read article »
FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELITE BASKETBALL PLAYERS AND BODYBUILDERS
N. Jascaniniene, A. Andziulis, N. Zaranskaite Pereira da Silva, J. Jaszczanin
Abstract
Introduction: Peformance in endurance sports is dependent on oxygen transport capacity, while sports, such as tennis, basketball, volleyball depend on speed, power and anaerobic capacity. Power development and load toleration determines the response to the exercise.
Aim of the study: Bodybuilding and basketball require endurance, but the nature of the stresses differ between sports. This study examined and compared the physical working capacity and function capacity of oxygen transportation system of elite basketball players and bodybuilders.
Methods: 12 elite basketball players and 12 elite bodybuilders, involved in the final stage preparatory period before competition, participated in the experiment. Maximal power output (Pmax), anaerobic threshold (AT), power at AT (PAT), oxygen consumption at AT (VO2AT) and the relative index of metabolic and exterior power (METW) were determined during a veloergometric exercise test.
Results: Pmax was lower in bodybuilders than basketball players (p<0.05). PAT was 174.5 ± 28.9 W (Mean ± SD) in the basketball players and 132.4 ± 23.8 W in the bodybuilders. PAT and VO2AT were highly related (r=0.91) and reflected the potential for functional power in basketball players and bodybuilders. METW developed by both groups of athletes, particular basketball players, were higher than in non-athletes.
Conclusion: This study was a comparative analysis of functional power of athletes in two different sports. The
training of bodybuilders builds muscular endurance but contributes little to the development of aerobic capacity. The indices of anaerobic threshold in both groups of athletes, bodybuilders in particular, were not high, so physical training loads contributing to the increase of the anaerobic threshold should be recommended.
Maximal power, anaerobic threshold, functional adaptation, aerobic potential, maximal oxygen consumption, relative index of metabolic and exterior power.
Read article »
Indexed in: SportDiscus; EMBASE/Excerpta Medica; Index Copernicus
Adaptation of the signal transduction system of different skeleta muscles during exercise
Medicina Sportiva 2005 vol. 9 Issue 2
Copyright ® 2005 Medicina Sportiva
Michael Kalinski, John P. Kirwan
Physiological basis of renin-angiotensinaldosterone system (RAAS) functions in sports exercises
Krzysztof Chrostowski
Selected dental concerns in sports medicine
Jegier Michal, Smalc Aneta, Jegier Anna
Erythrocyte SOD activity, copper and zinc daily intakes, their plasma levels, erythrocyte content and plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activity in females with low copper intake
Grażyna Lutosławska, Marlena Żołnowska, Marzena Malara1, Anna Kęska, Elżbieta Skierska
Functional characteristics of elite basketball players and bodybuilders
N. Jascaniniene, A. Andziulis, N. Zaranskaite Pereira da Silva, J. Jaszczanin
ADAPTATION OF THE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION SYSTEM OF DIFFERENT SKELETAL MUSCLES DURING EXERCISE
Michael Kalinski, John P. Kirwan
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to present a brief overview of the effects of acute and chronic exercise on the ß-adrenergic-G-protein-adenylyl cyclase-cAMP-protein kinase signal transduction system in different skeletal muscles. Special attention is given to such components as ß-adrenergic receptors characteristics, cAMP content, adenylyl cyclase, and cAMP- dependent protein kinase activity in different fibers of the skeletal muscle in relation to duration and intensity of exercise and to the adaptation of the system to chronic exercise.
Key words: G-proteins, cAMP, adenylyl cyclase, cAMP - dependent protein kinase, skeletal muscle, exercise
Read article »
PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF RENIN-ANGIOTENSINALDOSTERONE SYSTEM (RAAS) FUNCTIONS IN SPORTS EXERCISES
Krzysztof Chrostowski
Abstract
In the brief review the main elements of classic renin angiotensin aldosterone system with the new discovered components as well as essential functions of angiotensin II and aldosterone in physiological and pathological adaptation of cardiovascular system were described. The function of systemic and local RAAS was presented. An association between polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ACE D/I gene, and physical performance of sportsmen were discussed.
Key words: RAAS, aldosterone, angiotensin II, bradykinin, polymorphism of ACE gene, ACE2
Read article »
SELECTED DENTAL CONCERNS IN SPORTS MEDICINE
Jegier Michal, Smalc Aneta, Jegier Anna
Abstract
The following paper addresses selected dental problems in sports medicine including caries, orofacial trauma, and the influence of external factors on the stomatognathic system. A familiarity with these conditions will no doubt benefit health care professionals, coaches and athletes
Key words: dentistry, sport, orofacial injuries, dental injuries, prevention
Read article »
ERYTHROCYTE SOD ACTIVITY, COPPER AND ZINC DAILY INTAKES, THEIR PLASMA LEVELS, ERYTHROCYTE CONTENT AND PLASMA CERULOPLASMIN OXIDASE ACTIVITY IN FEMALES WITH LOW COPPER INTAKE
Grażyna Lutosławska, Marlena Żołnowska, Marzena Malara1, Anna Kęska, Elżbieta Skierska
Abstract
Introduction: Zinc and copper cooperate in the regulation of superoxide dismutase activity (SOD – EC 1.15.1.1) with copper at the active site and zinc maintaining a secondary enzyme function. Copper deficiency brings about depression of erythrocyte SOD activity. Numerous data indicated that females are at greater risk of copper deficiency than males.
Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate erythrocyte SOD activity, dietary copper and zinc intakes, their plasma levels and erythrocyte content and plasma ceruloplasmin activity in females with low dietary copper intake.
Methods: A total of 37 females volunteered to participate in the study. Dietary copper and zinc intakes were assessed from 24 h dietary records taken 4 times before blood withdrawal. Plasma and erythrocyte copper and zinc were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Erythrocyte SOD and plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activities were assayed colorimetrically at 480 nm and 460 nm, respectively.
Results: In 70.3% of the women daily copper intakes were lower than 2/3 of the safe intake level. In 16.2% of the participants plasma copper concentrations were lower than the accepted physiological limit. The incidents of low plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activity were observed in 56.6 % of the participants. It was found that the best model predicting erythrocyte SOD activity included zinc/copper ratio in the diet and plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activity (model adjusted R2=0.313, F= 9.2, p<0.0006).
Conclusions: Our study indicated that in females with low dietary copper intakes there was no association between erythrocyte SOD activity and plasma copper and zinc concentrations and the content of both trace metals in the erythrocytes. The best predictors of SOD activity were zinc to copper ratio in the diet and plasma ceruloplasmin oxidase activity.
Key words: females, superoxide dismutase, zinc/copper ratio, ceruloplasmin oxidase activity
Read article »
FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELITE BASKETBALL PLAYERS AND BODYBUILDERS
N. Jascaniniene, A. Andziulis, N. Zaranskaite Pereira da Silva, J. Jaszczanin
Abstract
Introduction: Peformance in endurance sports is dependent on oxygen transport capacity, while sports, such as tennis, basketball, volleyball depend on speed, power and anaerobic capacity. Power development and load toleration determines the response to the exercise.
Aim of the study: Bodybuilding and basketball require endurance, but the nature of the stresses differ between sports. This study examined and compared the physical working capacity and function capacity of oxygen transportation system of elite basketball players and bodybuilders.
Methods: 12 elite basketball players and 12 elite bodybuilders, involved in the final stage preparatory period before competition, participated in the experiment. Maximal power output (Pmax), anaerobic threshold (AT), power at AT (PAT), oxygen consumption at AT (VO2AT) and the relative index of metabolic and exterior power (METW) were determined during a veloergometric exercise test.
Results: Pmax was lower in bodybuilders than basketball players (p<0.05). PAT was 174.5 ± 28.9 W (Mean ± SD) in the basketball players and 132.4 ± 23.8 W in the bodybuilders. PAT and VO2AT were highly related (r=0.91) and reflected the potential for functional power in basketball players and bodybuilders. METW developed by both groups of athletes, particular basketball players, were higher than in non-athletes.
Conclusion: This study was a comparative analysis of functional power of athletes in two different sports. The
training of bodybuilders builds muscular endurance but contributes little to the development of aerobic capacity. The indices of anaerobic threshold in both groups of athletes, bodybuilders in particular, were not high, so physical training loads contributing to the increase of the anaerobic threshold should be recommended.
Read article »