0502314552
w.gawronski@medicinasportiva.pl
e-ISSN 1734-2260 from 2005
ISSN 1429-0022 from 1997 till 2004
Indexed in: SportDiscus; EMBASE/Excerpta Medica; Index Copernicus
Medicina Sportiva 2008 vol. 12, Issue 1
Copyright ® 2008 Medicina Sportiva
Effects of supplemetation with red grape skin polyphenolic extract and interval swimming test on the blood antioxidant status in healthy men
Ewa Sadowska-Krępa, Barbara Kłapcińska, Elżbieta Kimsa, Ryszard Karpiński
Read article »
The changes in cutaneous microcirculation in judo athletes before the preparation period and in the competition period
Renata Szyguła
Read article »
Plasma hormones, ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity and total antioxidant status (TAS ) concentration in regularly menstruating women of reproductive age with ovulatory and anovulatory menstrual cycles
Grażyna Lutosławska, Anna Kęska, Elżbieta Skierska
Read article »
Heart rate and salivary cortisol responses in armchair football supporters
Ronald J Maughan, Michael Gleeson
Read article »
EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMETATION WITH RED GRAPE SKIN POLYPHENOLIC EXTRACT AND INTERVAL SWIMMING TEST ON THE BLOOD ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN HEALTHY MEN
Ewa Sadowska-Krępa, Barbara Kłapcińska, Elżbieta Kimsa, Ryszard Karpiński
Introduction: Grapes Vitis vinifera and red wine are rich sources of polyphenolic substances which may potentially enhance the antioxidant capacity of plasma in humans.
The aim of the study: The study was aimed at the assessment of the effects of the alcohol–free red grape skin polyphenolic extract on the blood antioxidant status in healthy male subjects subjected to interval swimming test.
Materials and methods: Fourteen physical education students randomized to two groups: the control group (n=5) and the experimental group (n=9) supplemented with an alcohol-free polyphenolic extract from the skins of Vitis vinifera red wine grapes. One capsule containing 390 mg of red grape skin extract was administered three times daily for 6 weeks. The students participated in the interval-type swimming test (free-style with moderate to high intensity) at two occasions i.e. before the onset of the study (1st trial) and then once more after 6 weeks (2nd trial). In venous blood samples taken at rest, immediately after completion of interval swimming test and after 1h recovery the activities were measured of antioxidant enzymes: glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), level of glutathione (GSH). Creatine kinase (CK) activity and concentrations of uric acid (UA), lactate (LA) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in plasma.
Results: A marked tendency was observed toward lower, as compared to values recorded in the 1st trial, pre- and postexercise CK activities after a 6-wk -long supplementation with red grape skin extract (F=4.01; P=0.056 by 3-way ANOVA). A 6 wk-long supplementation had an insignificant modification of antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GR) activities, concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, UA) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were observed. The beneficial effect of an alcohol-free red wine grape extract on hemodynamic parameters. A comparison of swimming speeds and heart rates (HR) attained by subjects during interval swimming tests has evidenced that during the 2nd trial the participants from the supplemented group were able to swim faster at the final 50 m repeat (improvement from 1.18±0.03 to 1.31±0.11 m·s-1) at HR’s slightly lower from those recorded during the first trial. Mean swimming speed attained by participants from the control group at the final 50 m distance during the 2nd trial was also higher (improvement from 1.22 to 1.29 m·s-1), however this was accompanied with an increase in HR from 184.6 to 187.6 beats·min-1.
Conclusions: The above presented results indicate that the supplementation with the alcohol free red wine grape polyphenolic extract may influence on attenuation of the post-exercise release creatine kinase (CK) into the circulation. Supplementation with this extract seems to be promising for the improvement of the hemodynamic status of subjects subjected to physical loads.
Key words: red wine grape polyphenolic substances, antioxidant enzymes, total antioxidant status (TAS), creatine kinase (CK), physical exercise
Read article »
THE CHANGES IN CUTANEOUS MICROCIRCULATION IN JUDO ATHLETES BEFORE THE PREPARATION PERIOD AND IN THE COMPETITION PERIOD
Renata Szyguła
Introduction: Circulatory adaptation to physical exertion is an important determinant of athletes’ practising capability. Little is known about the reaction of the cutaneous microcirculation in athletes at various stages of the training cycle.
Aim of the study: That’s why the aim of this study was to explore, whether chosen parameters of the cutaneous microcirculation in judo athletes, measured using laser Doppler flowmetry, change between the start of the training (non-training period) and the competitions phase (competition period).
Material and methods: The study was performed in 11 men, judo athletes and Polish team champions 2006, mean age 24.18±8.84 yr. The microcirculation was measured using Doppler laser flowmeter Periflux 4001 (Perimed, Sweden). The technique applied in the instrument uses the laser light of wavelength 780 nm. It measures the blood flow which is a product of number of moving erythrocytes in the given tissue times their mean speed. The test was performed in horizontal position (on the back), in constant surrounding temperature of 21°C±1.2°C, air humidity 40-60%, after ca. 20 minutes of adaptation. The optode was placed on the skin of the back of the hand between the first and second metacarpal bones using special both sides adhesing ring. Rest flow, hyperaemic, hyperthermic and orthostatic reactivity of skin microcirculation and maximal minute oxygen uptake (¦O2max), were evaluated. All parameters were recorded twice: immediately before the preparation period and in the competition period – before the Polish Championship.
Results: Beside biological zero, all other measured parameters were statistically significant higher in the competition period (rest flow – 28.64±5.28 PU; biological zero – 2.94±0.37 PU; perfusion at the peak intensity of the signal during the reactive hyperemia –130.61±22.96 PU; perfusion at the peak intensity of the signal during the thermal hyperemia – 265.99±39.89 PU; orthostatic reactivity – 48.51%; ¦O2max – 58.05±15.07 ml·kg·min-1), compared with the preparation period (rest flow – 18.67±3.88 PU; biological zero – 2.84±0.42 PU; perfusion at the peak intensity of the signal during the reactive hyperemia – 96.57±24.42 PU; perfusion at the peak intensity of the signal during the thermal hyperemia – 192.99±34.32 PU; orthostatic reactivity – 43.33%; ¦O2max – 47.12±7.66 ml·kg·min-1). The frequency analysis showed smaller oscillations of the sympathetic system and also in the cardiac frequency and increased activity of the endothelium in the competition period.
Conclusions: Chosen parameters of the cutaneous microcirculation in judo athletes, measured using laser Doppler flowmetry, change between the start of the training (non-training period) and the competitions phase (competition period). In the competition period the capacity and efficiency of the cutaneous vascular bed increases.
Key words: skin microcirculation, laser Doppler flowmetry, physical training
Read article »
PLASMA HORMONES, CERULOPLASMIN FERROXIDASE ACTIVITY AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS (TAS ) CONCENTRATION IN REGULARLY MENSTRUATING WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE WITH OVULATORY AND ANOVULATORY MENSTRUAL CYCLES
Grażyna Lutosławska, Anna Kęska, Elżbieta Skierska
Introduction: Ovarian hormones apart from its contribution to reproduction are known to have a potent antioxidant activity. In animals ovariectomy induces oxidative stress which is alleviated by 17β-estradiol treatment. In women with disturbed ovary function increased lipid peroxidation, superoxide production and depressed antioxidant protection were found.
Aim of the study: This study was undertaken to evaluate plasma ceruloplasmin ferroxidase actvity, TAS and copper plasma levels in women with ovulatory and anovulatory menstrual cycles.
Methods: The prospective subjects monitored their basal body temperature (BBT) for 3 months before the study. Plasma ovarian hormone, T3, T4 and cortisol levels were determined twice per cycle – between days 5-8 and again between days 19 and 22 of the cycle. According to BBT pattern and plasma progesterone levels (>19 nmol ⋅ l-1) 21 women were classified as ovulating and 16 as non-ovulating. Plasma TAS and copper levels were measured using Randox commercial kits. Plasma ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity was assayed with o-dianisidnine dichloride. Plasma hormones were determined using radioimmunoassay methods.
Results: Plasma copper, T3, T4, and cortisol levels did not differ in ovulating and non-ovulating women. In both cycle phases plasma TAS levels and ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity in non-ovulating women were higher than in ovulating ones (p<0.02 and p<0.01 for TAS and ceruloplasmin, respectively). No relationship was noted between TAS, ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity and plasma hormone levels. In collected data from ovulating and non-ovulating subjects weak but significant correlations was noted between plasma TAS levels and ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity (r=0.242, p<0.04).
Conclusion: It could be postulated that the elevation in plasma TAS levels and ceruloplamin ferroxidase activity in non-ovulating subjects possibly reflect compensatory response to increased oxidative stress due to disturbed ovarian hormone secretion. In addition, it seems feasible that at least in females ceruloplasim ferroxidase activity contributes to plasma antioxidant potential.
Key words: plasma hormones, ceruloplasmin, TAS, menstrual cycle
Read article »
HEART RATE AND SALIVARY CORTISOL RESPONSES IN ARMCHAIR FOOTBALL SUPPORTERS
Ronald J Maughan, Michael Gleeson
Introduction: Sport spectators may experience considerable emotional stress when watching televised events, and this may provoke adverse cardiovascular events.
Aim of the study: We examined cardiovascular and stress responses of English and Swedish supporters watching a televised event involving the two teams at the 2006 FIFA World Cup.
Results: All supporters showed substantial elevations of heart rate when their team scored a goal (the result was 2-2), but supporters showed no response when their team conceded a goal. During the first half, the average heart rate of the Swedes (81±12 b/min) was lower (p<0.001) than that of the English supporters (92±11 b/min). Mean heart rate of both sets of supporters was higher in the second half. Heart rate of England supporters peaked when England scored after 34 min (116±14 b/min) and at 86 min (120±12 b/min), with no change in heart rate of the Swedish supporters at these times. Heart rates of Sweden supporters peaked when their team scored after 51 min (107±18 b/min) and 91 min (133±19 b/min). Swedish supporters reported more elation after the game than English supporters and generally higher subjective ratings of anxiety, stress and excitement, but there were no differences in salivary cortisol and amylase data.
Conclusion: This suggests that these salivary variables are relatively insensitive measures of psychosomatic stress.
Key words: football, soccer, stress, cortisol, heart rate
Read article »
Indexed in: SportDiscus; EMBASE/Excerpta Medica; Index Copernicus
Effects of supplemetation with red grape skin polyphenolic extract and interval swimming test on the blood antioxidant status in healthy men
Medicina Sportiva 2008 vol. 12, Issue 1
Copyright ® 2008 Medicina Sportiva
Ewa Sadowska-Krępa, Barbara Kłapcińska, Elżbieta Kimsa, Ryszard Karpiński
Read article »
The changes in cutaneous microcirculation in judo athletes before the preparation period and in the competition period
Renata Szyguła
Read article »
Plasma hormones, ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity and total antioxidant status (TAS ) concentration in regularly menstruating women of reproductive age with ovulatory and anovulatory menstrual cycles
Grażyna Lutosławska, Anna Kęska, Elżbieta Skierska
Read article »
Heart rate and salivary cortisol responses in armchair football supporters
Ronald J Maughan, Michael Gleeson
Read article »
EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMETATION WITH RED GRAPE SKIN POLYPHENOLIC EXTRACT AND INTERVAL SWIMMING TEST ON THE BLOOD ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN HEALTHY MEN
Ewa Sadowska-Krępa, Barbara Kłapcińska, Elżbieta Kimsa, Ryszard Karpiński
Introduction: Grapes Vitis vinifera and red wine are rich sources of polyphenolic substances which may potentially enhance the antioxidant capacity of plasma in humans.
The aim of the study: The study was aimed at the assessment of the effects of the alcohol–free red grape skin polyphenolic extract on the blood antioxidant status in healthy male subjects subjected to interval swimming test.
Materials and methods: Fourteen physical education students randomized to two groups: the control group (n=5) and the experimental group (n=9) supplemented with an alcohol-free polyphenolic extract from the skins of Vitis vinifera red wine grapes. One capsule containing 390 mg of red grape skin extract was administered three times daily for 6 weeks. The students participated in the interval-type swimming test (free-style with moderate to high intensity) at two occasions i.e. before the onset of the study (1st trial) and then once more after 6 weeks (2nd trial). In venous blood samples taken at rest, immediately after completion of interval swimming test and after 1h recovery the activities were measured of antioxidant enzymes: glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), level of glutathione (GSH). Creatine kinase (CK) activity and concentrations of uric acid (UA), lactate (LA) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured in plasma.
Results: A marked tendency was observed toward lower, as compared to values recorded in the 1st trial, pre- and postexercise CK activities after a 6-wk -long supplementation with red grape skin extract (F=4.01; P=0.056 by 3-way ANOVA). A 6 wk-long supplementation had an insignificant modification of antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GR) activities, concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH, UA) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were observed. The beneficial effect of an alcohol-free red wine grape extract on hemodynamic parameters. A comparison of swimming speeds and heart rates (HR) attained by subjects during interval swimming tests has evidenced that during the 2nd trial the participants from the supplemented group were able to swim faster at the final 50 m repeat (improvement from 1.18±0.03 to 1.31±0.11 m·s-1) at HR’s slightly lower from those recorded during the first trial. Mean swimming speed attained by participants from the control group at the final 50 m distance during the 2nd trial was also higher (improvement from 1.22 to 1.29 m·s-1), however this was accompanied with an increase in HR from 184.6 to 187.6 beats·min-1.
Conclusions: The above presented results indicate that the supplementation with the alcohol free red wine grape polyphenolic extract may influence on attenuation of the post-exercise release creatine kinase (CK) into the circulation. Supplementation with this extract seems to be promising for the improvement of the hemodynamic status of subjects subjected to physical loads.
Key words: red wine grape polyphenolic substances, antioxidant enzymes, total antioxidant status (TAS), creatine kinase (CK), physical exercise
Read article »
THE CHANGES IN CUTANEOUS MICROCIRCULATION IN JUDO ATHLETES BEFORE THE PREPARATION PERIOD AND IN THE COMPETITION PERIOD
Renata Szyguła
Introduction: Circulatory adaptation to physical exertion is an important determinant of athletes’ practising capability. Little is known about the reaction of the cutaneous microcirculation in athletes at various stages of the training cycle.
Aim of the study: That’s why the aim of this study was to explore, whether chosen parameters of the cutaneous microcirculation in judo athletes, measured using laser Doppler flowmetry, change between the start of the training (non-training period) and the competitions phase (competition period).
Material and methods: The study was performed in 11 men, judo athletes and Polish team champions 2006, mean age 24.18±8.84 yr. The microcirculation was measured using Doppler laser flowmeter Periflux 4001 (Perimed, Sweden). The technique applied in the instrument uses the laser light of wavelength 780 nm. It measures the blood flow which is a product of number of moving erythrocytes in the given tissue times their mean speed. The test was performed in horizontal position (on the back), in constant surrounding temperature of 21°C±1.2°C, air humidity 40-60%, after ca. 20 minutes of adaptation. The optode was placed on the skin of the back of the hand between the first and second metacarpal bones using special both sides adhesing ring. Rest flow, hyperaemic, hyperthermic and orthostatic reactivity of skin microcirculation and maximal minute oxygen uptake (¦O2max), were evaluated. All parameters were recorded twice: immediately before the preparation period and in the competition period – before the Polish Championship.
Results: Beside biological zero, all other measured parameters were statistically significant higher in the competition period (rest flow – 28.64±5.28 PU; biological zero – 2.94±0.37 PU; perfusion at the peak intensity of the signal during the reactive hyperemia –130.61±22.96 PU; perfusion at the peak intensity of the signal during the thermal hyperemia – 265.99±39.89 PU; orthostatic reactivity – 48.51%; ¦O2max – 58.05±15.07 ml·kg·min-1), compared with the preparation period (rest flow – 18.67±3.88 PU; biological zero – 2.84±0.42 PU; perfusion at the peak intensity of the signal during the reactive hyperemia – 96.57±24.42 PU; perfusion at the peak intensity of the signal during the thermal hyperemia – 192.99±34.32 PU; orthostatic reactivity – 43.33%; ¦O2max – 47.12±7.66 ml·kg·min-1). The frequency analysis showed smaller oscillations of the sympathetic system and also in the cardiac frequency and increased activity of the endothelium in the competition period.
Conclusions: Chosen parameters of the cutaneous microcirculation in judo athletes, measured using laser Doppler flowmetry, change between the start of the training (non-training period) and the competitions phase (competition period). In the competition period the capacity and efficiency of the cutaneous vascular bed increases.
Key words: skin microcirculation, laser Doppler flowmetry, physical training
Read article »
PLASMA HORMONES, CERULOPLASMIN FERROXIDASE ACTIVITY AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS (TAS ) CONCENTRATION IN REGULARLY MENSTRUATING WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE WITH OVULATORY AND ANOVULATORY MENSTRUAL CYCLES
Grażyna Lutosławska, Anna Kęska, Elżbieta Skierska
Introduction: Ovarian hormones apart from its contribution to reproduction are known to have a potent antioxidant activity. In animals ovariectomy induces oxidative stress which is alleviated by 17β-estradiol treatment. In women with disturbed ovary function increased lipid peroxidation, superoxide production and depressed antioxidant protection were found.
Aim of the study: This study was undertaken to evaluate plasma ceruloplasmin ferroxidase actvity, TAS and copper plasma levels in women with ovulatory and anovulatory menstrual cycles.
Methods: The prospective subjects monitored their basal body temperature (BBT) for 3 months before the study. Plasma ovarian hormone, T3, T4 and cortisol levels were determined twice per cycle – between days 5-8 and again between days 19 and 22 of the cycle. According to BBT pattern and plasma progesterone levels (>19 nmol ⋅ l-1) 21 women were classified as ovulating and 16 as non-ovulating. Plasma TAS and copper levels were measured using Randox commercial kits. Plasma ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity was assayed with o-dianisidnine dichloride. Plasma hormones were determined using radioimmunoassay methods.
Results: Plasma copper, T3, T4, and cortisol levels did not differ in ovulating and non-ovulating women. In both cycle phases plasma TAS levels and ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity in non-ovulating women were higher than in ovulating ones (p<0.02 and p<0.01 for TAS and ceruloplasmin, respectively). No relationship was noted between TAS, ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity and plasma hormone levels. In collected data from ovulating and non-ovulating subjects weak but significant correlations was noted between plasma TAS levels and ceruloplasmin ferroxidase activity (r=0.242, p<0.04).
Conclusion: It could be postulated that the elevation in plasma TAS levels and ceruloplamin ferroxidase activity in non-ovulating subjects possibly reflect compensatory response to increased oxidative stress due to disturbed ovarian hormone secretion. In addition, it seems feasible that at least in females ceruloplasim ferroxidase activity contributes to plasma antioxidant potential.
Key words: plasma hormones, ceruloplasmin, TAS, menstrual cycle
Read article »
HEART RATE AND SALIVARY CORTISOL RESPONSES IN ARMCHAIR FOOTBALL SUPPORTERS
Ronald J Maughan, Michael Gleeson
Introduction: Sport spectators may experience considerable emotional stress when watching televised events, and this may provoke adverse cardiovascular events.
Aim of the study: We examined cardiovascular and stress responses of English and Swedish supporters watching a televised event involving the two teams at the 2006 FIFA World Cup.
Results: All supporters showed substantial elevations of heart rate when their team scored a goal (the result was 2-2), but supporters showed no response when their team conceded a goal. During the first half, the average heart rate of the Swedes (81±12 b/min) was lower (p<0.001) than that of the English supporters (92±11 b/min). Mean heart rate of both sets of supporters was higher in the second half. Heart rate of England supporters peaked when England scored after 34 min (116±14 b/min) and at 86 min (120±12 b/min), with no change in heart rate of the Swedish supporters at these times. Heart rates of Sweden supporters peaked when their team scored after 51 min (107±18 b/min) and 91 min (133±19 b/min). Swedish supporters reported more elation after the game than English supporters and generally higher subjective ratings of anxiety, stress and excitement, but there were no differences in salivary cortisol and amylase data.
Conclusion: This suggests that these salivary variables are relatively insensitive measures of psychosomatic stress.
Key words: football, soccer, stress, cortisol, heart rate
Read article »